A node is formed by a mutated cell from the basal layer of the dermis.

Since the skin epithelium and the basal layer are present on the skin, basalioma can develop exclusively on the skin of the body. The tumor is not able to form on the tissues of internal organs with other areas.

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Outwardly, the disease looks like a small speck, mole or nevus on the skin, gradually increasing in size. With the growth process, a small depression with an ulcer develops in the center, covered with a crust. Under a layer of uroxatral crust, an uneven surface with the presence of blood secretions is noticeable. Basalioma can be confused with a wound, but the tumor never heals on its own. The ulcer formation may disappear for a while, but then reappears. Pathology usually occurs in adults after 40 years. Recently, basalioma has been diagnosed in children and adolescents.

The causes that cause the development of a malignant neoplasm are still not exactly known to doctors.

Scientists identify a number of factors that can provoke the formation of a basalioma. The reasons include: Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight. Sunburn in a solarium for a long period. In people with fair skin, basalioma develops more often. Skin prone to sunburn and freckles. Interaction with industrial compounds of arsenic associated with professional activities. Drinking water with a high content of heavy metals and arsenic.

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The impact on the body of alfuzosin carcinogenic elements - from soot, bitumen, paraffin wax, tar with tar and other refined products. Inhalation of substances after the combustion of oil shale. Disorders in the work of the immune system. A gene disease associated with a mutation of the chromosome series is albinism. The presence in the body of a virus - pigment xeroderma. Gorlin-Goltz syndrome. Impact on the skin of ionizing radiation. Chemical burns, scars and ulcers on the skin. Old age is considered an important factor in the development of basalioma. Diseases of a precancerous nature - skin horn, leukopenia, actinic keratosis and others.

Varieties of the disease.

Doctors recommend treating precancerous lesions on the skin - this will prevent the formation of alfuzosin and other dangerous nodules - melanoma or squamous cell skin cancer. Older people should be examined by a dermatologist annually.

According to the appearance and growth of the tumor, varieties are distinguished:

Doctors classify the disease according to the external structure with the growth of the neoplasm and according to the internal structure. Practitioners usually use a classification based on appearance and according to height. The internal structure is more of interest to histologists. Histological data are used for the scientific study of this disease.

The nodular-ulcerative type of neoplasm occurs in the area of ​​​​the eyelids, on the eye - in the inner corners, on the nose and on the cheek between the folds.

At the initial stage, the basalioma looks like a small knot above the skin. The color of the knot is any shades of red and pink. The surface covering the nodule is very thin. It grows slowly. With the growth process, the diseased area becomes covered with ulcers with an internal depression filled with a greasy substance with a crust. Gradually, the nodal shape is deformed. There is a noticeable accumulation of blood capillaries around. The edge of the tumor takes the form of a pearl-colored roller. Increasing, the neoplasm destroys the neighboring layers of the skin.

A solid (nodular or large-nodular) form is formed according to the same principle as the nodular-ulcerative one.

The nodular form differs from the previous one in that it grows above the surface of the epidermis in the form of a regular semicircle, slowly increasing in size. The color is light pink or yellow. Blood capillaries are traced under the node. A perforating view occurs in areas subject to systematic injury. Outwardly, it resembles nodular-ulcerative, but the degree of uroxatral damage is higher. The entire surface is covered with a thin crust, leaving a small area, not covered with ulcers at the edges, and with the presence of blood vessels.

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The growth rate is high. Warty basalioma grows above the skin, looks like a cauliflower. It looks like a multiple tumor formed from semicircular nodules. The neoplasm is lighter in color than the skin, without ulcer formation. Blood vessels are not visible. The knot is very dense consistency.

Sometimes there may be ulceration within the plaque.

The pigmented, or flat scarred, form may have a brown or black tint, similar to a mole. The circumference of the tumor has a specific rim of small formations, similar to a necklace. In the process of growth, the center is covered with sores, it is filled with purulent mucus. Gradually, the diseased area heals, leaving a scar. As a result, a dark spot appears with the presence of uroxatral inside. The scleroderma-like form is similar to a knot with a dense consistency of a pale shade protruding above the surface of the skin. Sclerosing tumor forms bfrog with a thin skin crust of a pale shade with clearly visible blood capillaries.

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The superficial form develops as a flat plaque with shades of red or pink. There are small nodules along the edges of the neoplasm, forming a pearl fence. The tumor grows slowly - for many years without disturbing the person. Cylindroma, or Spiegler's tumor, occurs on the head - on the scalp. Composed of many dense formations in the form of a semicircle, developing above the skin.

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The color of the tumor is purple-pink. The sizes range from 10 mm to 100 mm. The adenoid form is formed in the region of the tonsils. It resembles tissue from glandular epithelium, consists of many cystic nodules. Cells are filled with basophilic substance.

Histology distinguishes the following types - superficial multicentric, sclerodermal and fibro-epithelial basalioma. Signs of the formation of the disease. A malignant formation in the formation on the skin area constantly increases in size. Sometimes fix basalioma more than 100 mm. Symptoms of pathology in the early stages of formation are not pronounced - a small bubble of a pinkish-gray hue appears on the skin. On palpation, it is felt as a dense formation, covered with a crust on top.

Sometimes with basalioma, an erosive area can be observed that goes deep into the skin layer. Signs of such a pathology are the presence of central ulceration. If the crust separates from the nodule, bloody discharge from the foci of ulceration is noticeable. Around the affected area there is a border of transparent bubbles. The focus is constantly moving inside the epidermal layer, and the surface layer begins to peel off.